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- PaperETS Research Report Series4 Apr 2026
TOEIC® Link™ Assessments Technical Manual
Jaime Cid, Jonathan Schmidgall, Elizabeth Park
This technical manual from ETS describes the design, development, and validation of the TOEIC Link assessments for listening, reading, speaking, and writing. It outlines the constructs, tasks, and methodologies used to ensure reliability and validity, with updates planned as the test evolves. The manual serves as a guide for test users and stakeholders.
Original abstract
This technical manual provides a comprehensive overview of the TOEIC® Link™ assessments, offering detailed insights into their purpose, design, and intended users. The manual begins with an introduction that outlines the assessment objectives and target audience. Subsequent sections delve into the specific constructs and tasks of the four TOEIC Link assessments: Listening, Reading, Speaking, and Writing. The remaining sections examine the design and development processes for both the listening and reading, as well as the speaking and writing assessments, highlighting methodologies used to ensure validity and reliability. Together, these sections present a thorough guide for test users and stakeholders seeking to understand the TOEIC Link assessments and their application in measuring English language proficiency. Designed as a living document, this manual will be updated as the test’s design, administration, scoring, and evidence of measurement quality (including reliability, validity, and fairness) evolve, along with its intended uses. Suggested citation: Cid, J., Schmidgall, J., & Park, E. (2026). TOEIC® Link™ assessments technical manual (Research Report No. RR-26-04). ETS. https://doi.org/10.64634/7e2pzg04