personalized-assessment
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- PaperETS Research Report Series30 Jan 2026
A Preliminary Research and Evaluation Agenda for Personalized Assessment in the Service of Equity
Randy Bennett, Jesse Sparks, Burcu Arslan, Blair Lehman et al.
This research memorandum outlines a preliminary research and evaluation agenda for personalized assessments designed to account for individuals' social, cultural, and other relevant characteristics across diverse assessment contexts, including school accountability, admissions, and certification. The agenda aims to guide theoretical and empirical work needed to develop such assessments and to establish criteria for evaluating their effectiveness in promoting equity.
Original abstract
This research memorandum describes a preliminary research and evaluation agenda for personalized assessments, where such assessments are intended to be attuned to the social, cultural, and other relevant characteristics of individuals and the contexts from which they come. The agenda targets the full range of assessment uses—school accountability, national and international assessment, admissions, certification and licensure, and instructional planning. The purposes of the agenda are to guide the theoretical and empirical research and development needed to create personalized assessments and to suggest a means for judging the effectiveness of those instruments. Suggested citation: Bennett, R. E., Sparks, J. R., Arslan, B., Lehman, B., Sinharay, S., & Zapata-Rivera, D. (2025). A preliminary research and evaluation agenda for personalized assessment in the service of equity (Research Memorandum No. RM-26-01). ETS. https://doi.org/10.64634/wjv5e895